Road construction is the process of building roads. It is a complex process that involves a variety of steps, including:
Planning: The first step is to plan the road. This involves determining the route of the road, the type of road surface to be used, and the necessary drainage and other infrastructure.
Excavation: Once the road has been planned, the next step is to excavate the ground. This involves removing the topsoil and any underlying rock or other obstructions.
Subgrade preparation: The excavated ground is then prepared to support the road surface. This may involve compacting the soil, adding layers of gravel or other materials, or building an embankment.
Base course: The next layer is the base course. This is typically made of gravel or crushed stone and provides a stable foundation for the road surface.
Surface course: The final layer is the surface course. This is typically made of asphalt or concrete and provides the smooth, wear-resistant surface that vehicles travel on.
Drainage: Roads also need to be properly drained to prevent water from pooling on the surface. This is typically done by installing culverts, ditches, and other drainage structures.
Signs and markings: Roads also need to be marked with signs and markings to guide drivers. This includes traffic signs, lane markings, and speed limit signs.
